What are Collocations?
Collocations are words that often go together. They are like word friends. For example, in English, we say heavy rain, 而不是 strong rain. Even if strong seems to make sense, heavy is the natural choice.
Learning collocations makes your English sound more natural and fluent. It also helps you understand native speakers better.
何时使用 Make?
We often use make when we create, produce, or cause something to happen. Think of it as building or forming something new.
- For creating or producing:
make a cake
make a noise
make a plan - For decisions or choices:
make a decision
make a choice - For reactions or impressions:
make a good impression
make someone happy - For speaking or sounds:
make a speech
make a phone call
何时使用 Do?
We generally use do for actions, tasks, or general activities. It often refers to performing an activity or completing a duty.
- For tasks or duties:
do homework
do the laundry
do the dishes - For general activities (often with something, anything, nothing):
do something
do nothing - For work or business:
do business
do a good job - For favors or harm:
do a favor
do harm
何时使用 Give?
我们使用 give when we transfer something to someone, offer something, or perform an action for another person.
- For offering or transferring:
give a gift
give money
give a hug - For communication or information:
give advice
give a presentation
give directions - For reactions or sounds:
give a laugh
give a shout - For medical or physical actions:
give an injection
give birth
| <span data-no-translation>Make</span> | <span data-no-translation>Do</span> | <span data-no-translation>Give</span> |
|---|---|---|
| make a decision | do homework | give advice |
| make a mistake | do the dishes | give a presentation |
| make a noise | do a favor | give a hug |
| make a plan | do business | give directions |
| make a phone call | do your best | give a shout |
| make an effort | do research | give a speech |
示例
- I need to make a phone call to my mother.
- Please do your best on the exam.
- Can you give me some advice about my new job?
- She always makes a good impression on her clients.
- We decided to do some volunteer work this weekend.
- He gave a big smile when he saw his friends.
练习
西班牙语母语者常犯的错误
Spanish speakers often confuse make 和 do because both can translate to 'hacer'. Also, give can be tricky when it means 'dar' but has specific collocations.
- 令人困惑 make 和 do:
错误： I need to do a decision.
正确： I need to make a decision. (You create the decision.)错误： Can you make me a favor?
正确： Can you do me a favor? (You perform the favor.) - 令人困惑 give 与 make 或 do:
错误： I will make you some advice.
正确： I will give you some advice. (You offer the advice.)错误： She did a presentation.
正确： She gave a presentation. (You deliver the presentation.)
常见问题
Why are collocations important in English?
Collocations help your English sound natural and fluent. Using the correct word combinations shows a higher level of English proficiency and helps you communicate more effectively, just like native speakers do.
Is there a simple rule to know when to use make 或 do?
Unfortunately, there isn't one simple rule that covers all cases. The best way to learn is by memorizing common collocations and practicing them. Think of make for creating/producing and do for performing tasks, but always check specific phrases.
How can I remember all these collocations?
Practice is key! Try reading English books, watching movies, and listening to podcasts. Pay attention to how native speakers use make, do, ， 和 give. You can also make flashcards or keep a notebook with new collocations and example sentences.
我可以使用 give for everything I offer or provide?
No, not always. While give means 'dar' in Spanish, English uses specific collocations. For example, you make a suggestion, 而不是 give a suggestion. Always learn the full collocation to be accurate.
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